PROCESSES AND MACHINERY OF AGRO-ENGINEERING SYSTEMS
pp. 4-13
EFFICIENCY OF SEED CLEANING WITH A CYLINDRICAL SORTING SIEVE AT DIFFERENT OPERATING MODES (=PDF=)
V.D. Galkin, Dr. Tech. Sci., Professor;
V.A. Khandrikov, Cand. Tech. Sci.;
S.G. Maslennikov, Postgraduate Student;
Perm State Agro-Technological University,
113, Geroev Khasana Street, Perm, Russia, 614025,
Е-mail: engineer@pgsha.ru
ABSTRACT
The research was carried out on a prototype of a cylindrical sieve with a diameter of 0.25 m and a length of 0.94 m, manufactured at the Department of Agricultural Machinery and Equipment of the Perm State Agro-Technological University. In the experiments, we used wheat seeds that had undergone preliminary cleaning and drying. The sieve was cleaned with a brush, and the drive allowed for its uniform and uneven rotation. The average value of contamination with small impurities passing through rectangular holes 2 mm wide was 5.2%. The seed was fed from a hopper installed next to the machine. The feed setting was 500 kg / h. When carrying out experiments using the method of multifactorial experiments, the following factors were chosen: the frequency of rotation of the sieve, the angle of inclination of the sieve and the magnitude of the eccentricity. The evaluation of the sieve operation was taken to be the degree of separation of impurities. Experimental studies have established that the average value of the degree of release of small impurities during operation of a cylindrical sieve with a specific productivity of 670 kg / h * m2 with uneven rotation in a high-speed mode with an eccentricity of 15 mm, an inclination angle of the sieve 40, exceeds this indicator for a sieve with uniform rotation by 54%. The average value of the degree of separation of small impurities in the low-speed mode of operation of the cylindrical sieve at an angle of inclination of the sieve of 30, eccentricity of 15 mm, in comparison with the uniform rotation of the sieve increases by more than 40%.
Key words: wheat seeds, cleaning, sorting cylindrical sieve, uneven rotation, parameters, degree of impurity release.
AGRONOMY
pp. 14-23
ANALYSIS OF SEED MASS FOR ASSESSMENT OF SEED PRODUCTION AND HOMOGENEITY OF AGROPOPULATION ON THE EXAMPLE OF LEUZEA (Rhaponticum carthamoides (Willd.) Iljin.) (=PDF=)
N.V. Avdeev, Cand. Boil. Sci.
G.P. Maysak, Cand. Agr. Sci.
Perm Research Institute of Agriculture
12, Kultury Street, Lobanovo, Perm Krai, Russia, 614532
ABSTRACT
Seed productivity is an important indicator that depends on the growing conditions, the agricultural technology used, and also reflects the degree of adaptation of the introduced species in the new habitat. In order to clarify the seed production coefficient for different pollination types and to assess the homogeneity of the used agoropopulation of the leuzea (Rhaponticum carthamoides (Willd.) Iljin.), we used the mass of individual seeds as an objective measure of their plumpness. The research was carried out on experimental field of the Perm Research Institute of Agriculture in 2019-2020. A statistical analysis of the distribution of the mass of individual seeds has been carried out. It is shown that the distribution by mass of the totality of all plump seeds is close to normal (P> 0.99), due to which it is possible to establish an objective critical value of the mass of their attribution to plump seeds. Under natural conditions, the seeds of leuzea should have a mass of at least 9.0 mg. Measurement of the mass made it possible to classify as plump seeds a part of large, externally executed, but empty seeds, which made it possible to more correctly determine the seed productivity. The semenification coefficient for isolation from pollinating insects was 38.1%, with free pollination, including by honey bee – 91.1 and 93.1%. The average weight of completed seeds is influenced by weather conditions in different years (P <0.001). Protection of seeds from hatching by birds by tying the inflorescences with a nylon mesh leads to a decrease in the mass of seeds (P <0.001). The heterogeneity of the agropopulation by the weight of seeds was revealed, which is valuable for breeding and studying the inheritance of the trait.
Key words: Rhaponticum carthamoides (Willd.) Iljin., leuzea, maral root, coefficient of semenification, seed weight, pollination.
pp. 23-30
INFLUENCE OF SEEDING TIME AND SEEDING RATES ON OIL FLAX YIELD IN THE MIDDLE PREDURALIE (=PDF=)
S.L. Eliseev, Dr. Agr. Sci., Professor
E.A. Renev, Cand. Agr. Sci., Associate Professor
M.F. Biniaz, Postgraduate Student
Perm State Agro-Technological University
23, Petropavlovskaya Street, Perm, Russia, 614990
e-mail: mahsa.biniaz@yandex.ru
ABSTRACT
The article presents the results of two years of research to establish the optimal sowing time and seeding rate for oil flax. The field experience was laid in 2019 – 2020 in the experimental field of the Perm State Agro-Technological University. The research object was the Uralsky variety. The soil of the experimental site is typical in the Middle Preduralie, soddy-podzolic heavy loamy, the arable layer of which was characterized by a low humus content of 1.8-2.0%, an increased supply of mobile phosphorus and potassium, a weakly acidic or close to neutral reaction of the environment. During the growing season, the meteorological conditions in the years of research were different. In the first year of research (2019) the amount of precipitation during the growing season was 503 mm with an average daily air temperature of 13.4 0С, in the second year (2020) precipitation fell much less than 292 mm, and the average daily air temperature was 15.5 0C. As a result of the studies, it was revealed that in the conditions of the Middle Preduralie, the highest seed yield of 1.0-1.1 t / ha was obtained at a seeding rate of 10 million / ha and a sowing period after 9-12 days from the onset of physical ripeness of the soil. The formation of the highest yield when sowing 9-12 days after the onset of physical ripeness of the soil is due to an increase in the number of seeds in a capsule by 0.59-0.82 pieces, and at high seeding rates of 10-11 million / ha, the density of plants before harvesting by 41- 149 plants / m2.
Key words: oil flax, yield, yield structure, sowing time, seeding rate.
pp. 31-41
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF BIOLOGICAL FERTILIZERS AZOTOVIT AND PHOSPHATOVIT IN THE CULTIVATION OF POTATOES ON SOD-PODZOLIC SOILS OF THE UDMURT REPUBLIC (=PDF=)
A.V. Ignatiev, Postgraduate student;
V.A. Judin, Postgraduate student;
T.Yu. Bortnik, Dr. of Agr. Sci., Associate Professor;
E.V. Lekomtseva, Cand. Sci., Associate Professor;
M.A. Zaitseva;
Izhevsk State Agricultural Academy,
16, Kirova Street, Izhevsk, Russia, 426033
E-mail: agrohim@izhgsha.ru
ABSTRACT
The effectiveness of biological fertilizers Azotovit and Phosphatovit in the pre-planting treatment of tubers and watering potato plants in the budding phase with solutions of these fertilizers was studied in field experiments on sod-podzolic soils of the Udmurt Republic in 2019-2020. In conditions of excessive moisture (2019), treatment of tubers with Azotovit and Phosphatovit increased the total yield of tubers relative to the control by 6.2-6.4 t/ha. With a lack of moisture in the first half of the growing season (2020), the treatment of tubers with Azotovit turned out to be more effective; significant increases in total and marketable yield in relation to the control averaged 9.6 and 12.2 t/ha, respectively. The joint use of these biological fertilizers for pre-planting treatment of tubers turned out to be ineffective. Watering plants in the budding phase with solutions of Azotovit and Phosphatovit under conditions of excessive moisture did not contribute to obtaining a reliable increase in yield; at the same time, in conditions of a lack of moisture in the first half of the growing season, watering increased the total and marketable yield by an average of 8.8 and 8.2 t/ha, respectively. The pre-planting treatment of tubers with biological fertilizers had a positive effect on product quality indicators: a significant decrease in the nitrates content and an increase in the starch content. The dry matter content did not depend on the use of these fertilizers, regardless of the method of their application in both years of research. Watering plants in the budding phase with solutions of Azotovit and Phosphatovit did not affect the quality indicators of tubers.
Key words: potatoes, biological fertilizers, pre-planting treatment of tubers, foliar feeding, productivity, quality.
pp. 41-48
YIELD AND NATURE OF WINTER WHEAT GRAIN DEPENDING ON THE DOSE AND DURATION OF NITROGEN FERTILIZATION (=PDF=)
V.P. Murygin, Cand. Agr. Sci.,
Perm State Agro-Technological University,
113, Geroev Khasana Street, Perm, Russia, 614025
E-mail: mvp21717@mail.ru
ABSTRACT
To study the effect of early spring nitrogen fertilization on the productivity of winter wheat in 2014-2016, a field experiment was conducted at the experimental field of the Perm State Agro-Technological University. In the course of three-year studies, the following factors were studied: Factor A – nitrogen dose, kg / ha: A1 – without fertilizers; A2-30; A3-60; Factor B – term of top dressing: B1– physical ripeness of the soil in a layer of 0-5 cm; B2 – 5 days after the first term; B3 –10 days after the first term. The soil of the site is sod-podzolic, heavy-loamy. Characteristics of the arable soil layer: humus 2.0-2.3 %, P2O5-74-142 mg, K2O-120-304 mg per 1000 g of soil, pHsol – 5.6-6.3. The effective dose of nitrogen in the root feeding for winter wheat was 30 kg/ha. In all the years of research, an increase in the yield of winter wheat was observed by an average of 0.41 t / ha compared to the control variant. The period of feeding did not affect the indicator. None of the factors has a significant impact on the nature of the grain.
Key words: winter wheat, early spring basal nitrogen fertilization, dose and term of fertilization, yield, grain type.
pp. 48-57
TIME OF HARVESTING FOR FORAGE AND MODES OF USE OF THE GRASS-STAND OF THE EASTERN GALEGA IN THE MIDDLE CIS-URAL REGION (=PDF=)
Zh. S. Nelyubina, Cand. Agr. Sci,
N.I. Kasatkina, Cand. Agr. Sci,
Udmurt Federal Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
34, T. Baramzinoi Street, Izhevsk,
Udmurt Republic, Russia, 427067
E-mail: ugniish-nauka@yandex.ru
I.Sh. Fatykhov, Dr. Agr. Sci, Professor,
FSBEI HE Izhevsk State Agricultural Academy,
16, Kirova Street, Izhevsk, Udmurt Republic, Russia, 426069
E-mail: agro@izhgsha.ru
ABSTRACT
The eastern galega is an early ripening high-protein crop that combines longevity, high forage productivity and forage quality. The galega leaves remain green until the end of the growing season, leaf coverage of plants reaches 50%. In connection with such peculiarities of the culture, the determination of the optimal period for harvesting the galega for green fodder and the mode of using the grass stand is relevant. Studies carried out on soddy-podzolic soil in the experimental crop rotation of the Udmurt Research Institute of Agriculture of UdmFRC UB RAS in 1995-2005 showed that when mowing at the beginning of flowering of eastern galega, the yield of dry aboveground biomass in total for two mowings was 8.2 t/ha, in the fruiting phase – 9.4 t/ha, the beginning of seed ripening – 10.1 t/ha. An increase in the height of galega plants to 110 cm occurred before the seed ripening phase; the stand density during this period was 136 pcs./m2, leaf coverage – 50%. On average, over 10 years of use, the largest collection of dry matter (10.1 t/ha) was provided when mowing the herbage of the eastern galega in the first year for forage, then for four years for seeds, and later for forage purposes. 1 kg of dry matter of eastern galega contained 20.6% of crude protein, 0.62 units, the concentration of metabolic energy was 8.81 MJ.
Key words: eastern galega, yield of dry matter, modes of use, harvest time for forage, forage nutrition
pp. 57-63
INFLUENCE OF SEEDLING PLANTING DENSITY ON YIELD AND MARKETABILITY OF CAULIFLOWER VARIETIES WHEN GROWN IN PERMSKII KRAI (=PDF=)
T.V. Soromotina, Cand. оf Agr. Sci., Associate Professor,
FGBOU VO Perm SATU
23, Petropavlovskaia Street, Perm, Russia, 614990
E-mail: kafpererabotka@pgsha.ru
ABSTRACT
The scientific work was carried out in 2017-2018 at the UNC Lipogorie of the Perm State Agro-Technological University. The soil of the experimental site had the following indicators: sod-medium podzolic heavy loam, pHsol – 6.4-6.9; the content of P2O5-496-527, K2O-412-428 mg/kg of soil; humus – 6.5-7.2%. A two-factor experiment was laid. Factor A – planting density (thousand units/ha) – 100; 80; 67; 57; 50. Factor B – cauliflower variety-B 1-Movir 74 (control); B 2-Otecehstvennaia (Domestic); B3 – Belaia Golovushka (White Head); B4 – Koza Dereza (Goat Dereza). It was found that, on average, the highest yield was formed with a seedling planting density of 57-67 thousand pieces per hectare – 44.7-47.1 t/ha, the maximum was in the Koza Dereza variety – 47.1 t/ha, which is more by 7.3-10.0 t/ha compared to other varieties and 15.9 t/ha or 50.9% than in the control. Up to 86-88% of the standard production was obtained at a low planting density (50-57 thousand pieces/ha) in the varieties Koza Dereza and Belaia Golovushka.
Key words: cauliflower, variety, planting density, yield, marketability of products.
pp. 63-68
ENERGY ASSESSMENT OF SOWING METHODS AND STANDARDS OF SEEDING IN AGROTECHNIQUE OF SPRING RAPESEED IN CONDITIONS OF THE MIDDLE PREDURALIE (=PDF=)
A.A. Shishkin,
Kungur Agricultural College
2, Poletaevskaya Street, Kungur, Russia, 617475
A.S. Bogatyreva, Cand. Agr. Sci.,
E.D. Akmanaev, Cand. Agr. Sci., Associate Professor,
Perm State Agro-Technological University
23, Petropavlovskaya Street, Perm, Russia, 614990
Е-mail: akmanaev@mail.ru
ABSTRACT
The article discusses the results of the energy assessment of various methods of sowing and norms for sowing of spring rapeseed of the Ratnik variety and Smilla hybrid in the Middle Preduralie. Analysis of data from three-year studies (2017-2019) conducted on the sod-fine-podzolic heavy-loamy soil of the experimental field of the FSBEI HE Perm SATU revealed a direct dependence of energy output with the crop on the sowing rate. According to the results of the agro-energy assessment, the largest amount of energy in the crop was determined in versions with a sowing rate of 3 million germinating grains/ha and amounted to 48360.04 and 48591.42 MJ/ha for the Ratnik variety and Smilla hybrid, respectively. The maximum energy efficiency indicators (4.6-4.9) were formed by agrocenoses of spring rapeseed in sowing the maximum, from the studied sowing standards, regardless of the sowing method. In the same versions, the minimum energy consumption for obtaining 1 fodder unit (3.85-4.04 MJ of Ratnik variety and 3.79-3.96 MJ of foreign selection hybrid).
Key words: spring rapeseed, variety, hybrid, sowing method, norm of sowing, energy assessment.
VETERINARY AND ZOOTECHNY
pp. 69-76
DAIRY PRODUCTIVITY OF COWS OF DIFFERENT BRANCHES OF THE MAIN LINES OF THE HOLSTEIN BREED (=PDF=)
A.I. Lyubimov, Dr. Agr. Sci.,
E.N. Martynova, Dr. Agr. Sci.,
E.V. Achkasova, Cand. Agr. Sci.,
G.V. Azimova, Cand Agr. Sci.,
E.A. Yastrebova, Cand Agr. Sci.,
Izhevsk State Agricultural Academy,
11, Studencheskaia Street, Izhevsk, Russia, 426069
info@izhgsha.ru
ABSTRACT
The article provides an assessment of the milk productivity of cows of different branches of the main lines of the Holstein breed in the «Kipun» LLC of the Sharkan District of the Udmurt Republic. In the Vis Back Idial line, the following branches are distinguished: Besne Buk 504174, Lidman 1983348, Manfred 2183007, R. Prelude 3924572, Kleitus 1879085. In the Reflection Sovering line – branches: Blackstar 1929410; Valiant 165 414; Arlinda Rotate 1697572, W. Chief Mark 1773417. The main branch in the Montvik Chieftain line – A. Bell 1667366, the descendants of the Ellton bull 1912270 and the Bellman bull 1874684 can be separated into separate branches. During 305 days of first lactation in the Vis Back Idial line, the maximum amount of milk was obtained from cows of the Lidman branch 1983348 – 9018.8 kg. In the Reflection Sovering line, the highest productivity of first-calf heifers from the B. Chief Mark 1773417 — 9265.2 kg. In the Montwick Chiftin line, the Ellton branch 1912270 outnumbered the animal of branches of A. Bell 1667366 by 1000 kg, the cows of the Bellman branch 1874684 – by 9.2 kg, their yield was 8324.3 kg. There are no significant differences observed in terms of the mass fraction of fat and protein in the milk of cows in the section of branches.
Key words: Holstein breed, line, branch, related group, milk production.
pp. 76-85
THE EFFECT OF COMPLEX SELENIUM-CONTAINING PREPARATIONS ON THE BLOOD COMPOSITION AND GROWTH RATE OF CALVES (=PDF=)
S.V. Nikolaev, Cand. Vet. Sci.
Zhuravsky Institute of Agrobiotechnologies of Komi NC UrO RAS,
27, Rucheynaya Street, Syktyvkar, Russia, 167023
E-mail: semen.nikolaev.90@mail.ru
ABSTRACT
The paper evaluates the effect of complex selenium-containing drugs Sedimin and Gabivit-Se on the morphobiochemical parameters of blood and the dynamics of live weight gain in calves. For the experiment, three groups of heifers were formed at the age of 2-3 weeks, 10 heads in each. The first group was injected three times intramuscularly at intervals of a week with Sedimine at a dose of 5 ml, the second-Gabivit-Se at 8 ml, the third group was intact. Blood for research was obtained before and 7 days after the treatments. It was found that the use of Sedimine contributed to an increase in total protein in the blood by 9.6% (P<0.05), with stable values of the indicator in other groups. In control calves, there was an increase in the albumin-globulin coefficient (by 16.2%, P<0.01), and after Sedimine injections, there was a decrease in values by 12.2%. The activity of AlAT after the use of Sedimine increased by 2.2 times (P<0.001), Gabivit-Se by 1.8 times (P<0.01). Against the background of Sedimine use, the De Ritis ratio decreased by 43.1% (P<0.01). The concentration of VSNMM after the use of Sedimine increased by 20.4% (P<0.05) in blood and by 63.9% (P<0.05) in plasma, Gabivit-Se by 14.2% (P<0.01) and 2.4 times (P<0.001), respectively, with stable values in the control. The concentration of iron in the blood serum during the use of Sedimine was 3 times higher in relation to the control (P<0.01) and 2.5 times higher in relation to the group treated with Gabivit-Se (P<0.05). In the control group, there was a decrease in the number of red blood cells by 31.9%, while against the background of treatments, their insignificant growth was observed. The hemoglobin content in the control group of calves also decreased (by 19.5%, P<0.05), and was less than the indicator of the experimental groups by 20.2…22.2% (P<0.05). Young animals that were injected with Sedimine had a higher concentration of white blood cells by 27.7% compared to the control (P<0.05). The relative concentration of neutrophils after the use of Sedimine decreased by 27.9% (P<0.05), and lymphocytes increased by 25.6% (higher than the values in relation to the control by 36.7%, P<0.01). Heifers treated with Gabivit-Se at six months of age had an average live weight of 261.5 kg, which is more than the indicator of young animals of the control group by 53.8 kg (P<0.001) and calves treated with Sedimine by 66.0 kg (P<0.001).
Keywords: vitamin preparations, microelementoses, selenium, Sedimin, Gabi-vit-Se, metabolism.
pp. 86-94
MICROMINERAL COMPOSITION OF BLOOD AND EXCRETIONS WHEN USING A VITAMIN-MINERAL SUPPLEMENT IN THE DIET(=PDF=)
A.A. Ovchinnikov, Dr. Agr. Sci., Professor
L.Yu. Ovchinnikova, Dr. Agr. Sci., Professor
Yu.V. Matrosova, Dr. Agr. Sci., As. Professor
FGBOU VO Yuzhno-Uralsky GAU,
13, Gagarina Street, Troitsk, Chelyabinskaia Oblast, Russia, 457100
E-mail: tvi_t@mail.ru
ABSTRACT
Introduction to the diet of pregnant sows of mineral salts of copper, zinc, cobalt and manganese at a dose of 10-50 mg / c of live weight together with folic acid – 36 mg / head per day in one experimental group, with Hexavit – 196 mg in another and with their complex use in the third experimental group showed that in the blood of animals of the experimental groups in the last third of pregnancy there was an increase in the iron content by 3.5-10.5%, reliably the content of cobalt decreased by 2.5-5.0 times and manganese – by 1.5-2.0 times. At the same time, with undigested fecal matter, iron losses increased by 1.4-1.8 times. A similar pattern was observed in the release of zinc from the body from 105.9 mg / kg in the control to 156.9-223.9 mg / kg in the experimental groups, as well as release of manganese. In animals with the complex use of a vitamin and mineral supplement, a greater use of copper for the processes of hematopoiesis was noted. In the urine of sows in the experimental groups, a decrease in the iron content was observed from 0.79 mg / kg in the control group to 0.05-0.24 mg / kg in the experimental groups, the copper content increased 3-5 times, amounting to 0.09 mg / kg, 0.12 and 0.15 mg / kg, decreased by 3 times the loss of manganese in the group with folic acid and with their general use (0.01 and 0.013 mg / kg). The loss of cobalt with urine in sows of all groups was insignificant (0.002-0.002 mg / kg). Determination of trace elements in blood and excretion products allows controlling the supply of the body with these nutrients.
Key words: pregnant sows, trace elements, content in blood, in feces and urine.
pp. 94-101
ANALYSIS OF THE GROWTH OF SAANEN GOATS IN COMMUNICATIONS WITH THE MSTN GENE POLYMORPHISM (=PDF=)
M.V. Pozovnikova, Cand. Biol. Sci.;
V.B. Leibova, Cand. Biol. Sci.;
All-Russian Research Institute of Genetics and Breeding of Farm Animals — a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry — VIZh named after Academician L. K. Ernst» (VNIIGZh),
Moscow highway 55A, Pushkin, St. Petersburg, Russia, 196601
E-mail: pozovnikova@gmail.com
ABCTRACT
In goat breeding, live weight is an important criterion for the entry of animals into the first reproductive cycle. In this regard, the study of genes that make a significant contribution to the formation of the trait of the live weight of animals is an urgent task. Myostatin, encoded by the MSTN gene, is a member of the TGF-b superfamily and regulates skeletal muscle development. The present study was aimed at studying the relationship of the indel polymorphism of the MSTN gene caused by a 5 bp insert. (TTTTA) with indicators of growth and development, as well as the age of the first lambing of goats of the Saanen breed. For the study, 47 female contemporaries born in 2018 were selected, belonging to ZAO PZ «Prinevskoe» (Leningrad region). Genotyping of animals was performed by PCR-RFLP. The prevalence of the heterozygous AB genotype (0.574) was established, and the frequency of the AA and BB genotypes was 0.234 and 0.192, respectively. The distribution of allele frequencies was tracking: allele A — 0.521 and allele B — 0.479. As a result of the study, no significant relationship was established between the indel polymorphism of the MSTN gene, with the live weight of goats in the period from 1 to 8 months of life and the age of the first lambing. However, animals with homozygous AA genotype had better body weight at 4 months compared to their counterparts with BB genotype (p˂0.05). Analysis of the specific growth rate of animals with different genotypes of the MSTN gene showed that goats with the BB genotype were characterized by a pattern of compensatory growth, that is, a sharp increase in values during the period of development of 1-2 months (milk period) (p˂0.001) and 4-5 months (beginning of puberty) (p˂0.05).
Key words: growth rate, genotype, live weight, age of first lambing.
pp. 101-111
USE OF WATER INFUSION OF CONIFEROUS FOREST BIOMASS AS A FEED ADDITIVE FOR COWS (=PDF=)
V.A. Tereshchenko, Cand. Agr. Sci,
E.A. Ivanov, Cand. Agr. Sci,
O.V. Ivanova, Dr. Agr. Sci.,
Krasnoyarsk Scientific Research Institute of Animal Husbandry – Separate Division of Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center” of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”,
66, Prospect Mira, Krasnoyarsk, 660049
Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow named аfter K.A. Timiryazev Agricultural Academy,
2D, Listvennichnaya Alleya Street, Moscow, 127550
Yu.G. Lyubimova, Cand. Agr. Sci.,
Krasnoyarsk Scientific Research Institute of Animal Husbandry – Separate Division of Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center” of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”,
66, Prospect Mira, Krasnoyarsk, 660049
E-mail: krasniptig75@yandex.ru
ABSTRACT
One of the most relevant areas of complex deep use of coniferous forest biomass is the use of waste from its processing in animal feeding. The aim of the research is to study the effect of feeding water infusion of pine nut shell, pine needle and arabinogalactan on the dairy productivity of cows. The studies were conducted in the Krasnoyarsk region on two groups of dairy cows (10 heads each) of black-motley breed in the first phase of lactation. The experiment lasted for 100 days. According to the feeding conditions, the control group received the main diet, the experimental group was fed an additional water infusion (200 ml/head/day): pine nut shell (25 g/l), pine needle (15 g/l) and arabinogalactan (25 g/l). The studied infusion was fed in a mixture with concentrated feed. The results of the studies showed that feeding the studied water infusion had a positive effect on the milk productivity of cows: in the experimental group, compared with the control group, the milk yield of natural fat content increased by 8.3 %, basic fat content – by 13.3 %, the mass fraction of fat in milk – by 0.2 %, protein – by 0.03 %. At the same time, the consumption of the studied infusion of forest biomass by cows did not have a negative effect on the organoleptic parameters of milk, all of them corresponded to state standard.
Key words: cows, pine nut shell, pine needle, arabinogalactan, water infusion, milk productivity, feeding.